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Rises and falls are an inherent part of investing in the
stock market. Each phase of the market has its unique characteristics, and it
takes an appropriate approach with the right mindset to limit losses or
maximize profits, as the case may be.More often, investors fall into illusions
and try a long period of correction and stagnation, which leads to negative
portfolio values. Contrary to what investors might expect, gains are never
linear and are mostly lumpy.
Most stock investors are only buy-side and have no plan to
protect the portfolio against potential fluctuations in the market, resulting
in underperformance Stock price movements occur in only a few trading sessions.
The solution to this is to be a patient investor, as stocks always go up over
the long term provided funds are placed in quality stocks with strong
fundamentals. Here are some useful techniques that would help you through the
volatile phases of the market.
1. Protecting the portfolio
Hedging is an important part of any bumpy ride in the
market. One can hedge a portfolio by buying nifty put or bear put spread i.e.
H. with monthly contracts or long-term options after understanding the
composition of the portfolio. The hedging would depend on the type of stocks in
the portfolio and their beta. For example, in a portfolio with a large-cap name
like Nifty, it's easy to get into beta and plan a hedging strategy versus mid-
and small-cap names. A portfolio with mid-cap names involves choosing the right
hedging instrument (Nifty or stocks), the right strike price and amount for the
spread, and finally monitoring the position and exit.
2. Create short
positions in stock futures
In a bear market, selling futures offers an opportunity
as many weak stocks fall sharply. It's always wise to go with the trend until
it won't bend anymore. In a weak market trend, the trading short position
should be more than taking a long position.a. Based on a top down approach, one
can pinpoint the weak sectors and stocks to initiate short ideas to generate
alpha in the market. Stock specific put purchases and bear put spreads can also
help seize the opportunity during a market correction phase.
b. To pick stocks, T is ideal for picking a stock that has a weak
structure. A moving average with crossover and trendline breakdown are some of
the technical indicators to identify undershort stocks. Another derivative
indicator to identify short stocks can be based on the addition of Open Interest
(OI) (short building and long unwinding), higher writing calls and stocks with
lower put-call ratios.
3. Generating returns
through call writing
Writing calls is the best and most popular way to
reduce the cost of holding positions and get additional returns on an existing
position.a. To do this, investors must opt for stocks to write options/puts
based on stock-specific liquidity and maintain a safety margin when writing
strikes. The strike price may be based on the buffer and a sufficient premium
yield. Traders need to monitor the position by inserting certain alerts into
the system that will help in deciding on an exit or trailing mechanism.b. Writing
calls only brings some inflow as a premium, but a larger rise in stocks beyond
writing strikes may not help produce a desirable actual return. It is more
suitable for participants who are looking for a consistent cost reduction and a
specific percentage win scenario.
4. Long & short
trades
Pair trading provides an added benefit in such market
scenarios as many pairs such as HDFC Bank and HDFC are highly correlated and
offer opportunities when they deviate from their mean. The risk is
comparatively low when trading pairs as both stocks have long and short
positions in the market.
5.
Trading in option strategy and option spreads
When market sentiment is bearish, volatility usually
remains high, as does the option premium along with higher market risk. Option
writing is not recommended in higher implied volatility (IV) scenarios, even if
the option premium is high. It is better to opt for Butterfly and Iron Condor
strategies than just selling out of the money (OTM) calls and puts. Selling or
buying a futures contract must also be hedged with protective puts and calls to
mitigate risk. This exercise will help avoid any panic when making margin calls.
Traders are advised to liquidate most naked positions intraday and avoid carrying too much leverage until the India VIX (volatility) drops to the comfort zone. Fundamental analysis is the guide to long-term investing. Similarly, technical analysis is the best tool for traders to make profits in this ever-evolving market.
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